Definition

Angiology is a scientific study of blood and lymph vessels.

Overview

The term angiology was introduced by Galenus Claudius. Claudius called angiology an operation for removal of all of a blood vessel or part of it.

The mordent interpretation of the term angiology was given by L. Heister.

The clinical angiology studies an aetiology (the disease causes), pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of diseases of vessels:

• Congenital pathology of vessels, including developmental anomalies and congenital anomalies of vessels (narrowing, pathological kink, abnormal arrangement of an aorta arch, etc.); and


• Acquired pathology of vessels, including atherosclerosis, diabetic angiopathy, traumatic damages of vessels, arteritis, aortitis, vasculitis, etc.

Many diseases of vessels are a prerogative first of all of surgeons, and then of therapists, cardiologists and rheumatologists, and partly of neuropathologists, dermatologists, otolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, and other experts. A clear boundary of a clinical angiology still is not defined.

A view of clinical angiology as a separate section of medicine was dictated first of all by prevalence of the vascular diseases which are the cause of death and disability of a significant contingent of people.

The intensive development of a clinical angiology began in the 17th Century. Knowledge of anatomy and physiology of arteries, veins and capillaries has been accumulating and scientists were able to answer more and more questions. From the middle of the 19th Century an introduction of methods of asepsis and antiseptics allowed approaches for surgical treatment of patients with vascular diseases. At the beginning of the 20th Century the fundamental work of A. Carrel (1902) devoted to a vascular stitch was issued that become a foundation for modern vascular reconstructive surgery.

Further development (especially rapid in recent years) of invasive and non-invasive research methods of vessels and surgical methods of treatment promoted formation of a clinical angiology as an independent section of medicine.

Section Structure

• The Blood

  • Development of the Vascular System
  
  
  • The Thoracic Cavity



• The Arteries

  • The Aorta
  
  
  • The Arteries of the Head and Neck
  
  
  • The Arteries of the Upper Extremity
  
  
  • The Arteries of the Trunk
  
  
  • The Arteries of the Lower Extremity



• The Veins

  • The Pulmonary Veins
  
  
  • The Systemic Veins
  
  
  • The Portal System of Veins



• Lymphoid System

  • The Thoractic Duct
  
  
  • The Lymphatics of the Head, Face, and Neck
  
  
  • The Lymphatics of the Upper Extremity
  
  
  • The Lymphatics of the Lower Extremity
  
  
  • The Lymphatics of the Abdomen and Pelvis
  
  
  • The Lymphatic Vessels of the Thorax

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